Purple Urchin

The Purple Urchin is a species of sea urchin found along the rocky coasts of the northeastern Pacific Ocean, from Alaska down to Baja California. Known for its striking purple coloration, the Purple Urchin has a spherical, spiny body, with long, sharp spines that radiate outward from its central disk. These spines, which can range in color from deep purple to light lavender, help protect the urchin from predators. The Purple Urchin typically grows to about 3 to 4 inches in diameter, although individuals can occasionally reach 6 inches.

Purple Urchins are herbivores, feeding primarily on kelp and other types of algae. They are important grazers in kelp forest ecosystems, helping to control algal growth and prevent overgrowth that could otherwise smother the kelp. In addition to algae, they may also consume detritus and small organic particles found on the ocean floor. In aquariums, they are typically fed algae or seaweed.

Despite their small size, Purple Urchins have a strong impact on their ecosystem. They play a vital role in maintaining the health of kelp forests, but they can also become pests when their populations increase dramatically, leading to overgrazing of kelp. This has been a particular concern in areas affected by sea otter declines, as otters are a natural predator of the Purple Urchin. Without otters to keep their populations in check, Purple Urchins can cause "urchin barrens," areas where kelp forests are severely depleted.

Purple Urchins have a lifespan of 30 years or more in the wild, though many individuals do not live that long due to predation, disease, and environmental pressures. While the species is currently considered to be of Least Concern, habitat degradation, ocean acidification, and disease outbreaks, such as the urchin wasting disease, have caused localized population declines.

Fun Facts:
The Purple Urchin gets its name from the vibrant purple coloration of its spines, which can vary in intensity depending on environmental factors.

Despite their spiny appearance, Purple Urchins are often used in the aquarium trade for their decorative value, though they require careful management due to their feeding habits.

Purple Urchins are capable of moving using tube feet located on the underside of their body, though they typically move slowly across the seafloor.